/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.xerces.jaxp.datatype;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConstants;
import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory;
import javax.xml.datatype.Duration;
import javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar;

/**
 * <p>Factory that creates new <code>javax.xml.datatype</code> <code>Object</code>s that map XML to/from Java <code>Object</code>s.</p>
 * 
 * <p id="DatatypeFactory.newInstance">{@link #newInstance()} is used to create a new <code>DatatypeFactory</code>.
 * The following implementation resolution mechanisms are used in the following order:</p>
 * <ol>
 *    <li>
 *      If the system property specified by {@link #DATATYPEFACTORY_PROPERTY}, "<code>javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory</code>",
 *      exists, a class with the name of the property's value is instantiated.
 *      Any Exception thrown during the instantiation process is wrapped as a {@link DatatypeConfigurationException}.
 *    </li>
 *    <li>
 *      If the file ${JAVA_HOME}/lib/jaxp.properties exists, it is loaded in a {@link java.util.Properties} <code>Object</code>.
 *      The <code>Properties</code> <code>Object </code> is then queried for the property as documented in the prior step
 *      and processed as documented in the prior step.
 *    </li>
 *    <li>
 *      The services resolution mechanism is used, e.g. <code>META-INF/services/java.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory</code>.
 *      Any Exception thrown during the instantiation process is wrapped as a {@link DatatypeConfigurationException}.
 *    </li>
 *    <li>
 *      The final mechanism is to attempt to instantiate the <code>Class</code> specified by
 *      {@link #DATATYPEFACTORY_IMPLEMENTATION_CLASS}, "<code>javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactoryImpl</code>".
 *      Any Exception thrown during the instantiation process is wrapped as a {@link DatatypeConfigurationException}.
 *    </li>
 * </ol> 
 * 
 * @author <a href="mailto:Joseph.Fialli@Sun.COM">Joseph Fialli</a>
 * @author <a href="mailto:Jeff.Suttor@Sun.com">Jeff Suttor</a>
 * @version $Id$
 */
public class DatatypeFactoryImpl extends DatatypeFactory {

    /**
     * <p>Public constructor is empty..</p>
     * 
     * <p>Use {@link DatatypeFactory#newInstance()} to create a <code>DatatypeFactory</code>.</p>
     */
    public DatatypeFactoryImpl() {}

    /**
     * <p>Obtain a new instance of a <code>Duration</code>
     * specifying the <code>Duration</code> as its string representation, "PnYnMnDTnHnMnS",
     * as defined in XML Schema 1.0 section 3.2.6.1.</p>
     * 
     * <p>XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, 3.2.6 duration, defines <code>duration</code> as:</p>
     * <blockquote>
     * duration represents a duration of time.
     * The value space of duration is a six-dimensional space where the coordinates designate the
     * Gregorian year, month, day, hour, minute, and second components defined in Section 5.5.3.2 of [ISO 8601], respectively.
     * These components are ordered in their significance by their order of appearance i.e. as
     * year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. 
     * </blockquote>
     * <p>All six values are set and availabe from the created {@link Duration}</p>
     * 
     * <p>The XML Schema specification states that values can be of an arbitrary size.
     * Implementations may chose not to or be incapable of supporting arbitrarily large and/or small values.
     * An {@link UnsupportedOperationException} will be thrown with a message indicating implementation limits
     * if implementation capacities are exceeded.</p>
     * 
     * @param lexicalRepresentation <code>String</code> representation of a <code>Duration</code>.
     * 
     * @return New <code>Duration</code> created from parsing the <code>lexicalRepresentation</code>.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If <code>lexicalRepresentation</code> is not a valid representation of a <code>Duration</code>.
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException If implementation cannot support requested values.
     * @throws NullPointerException if <code>lexicalRepresentation</code> is <code>null</code>.
     */
    public Duration newDuration(final String lexicalRepresentation) {

        return new DurationImpl(lexicalRepresentation);
    }

    /**
     * <p>Obtain a new instance of a <code>Duration</code>
     * specifying the <code>Duration</code> as milliseconds.</p>
     * 
     * <p>XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, 3.2.6 duration, defines <code>duration</code> as:</p>
     * <blockquote>
     * duration represents a duration of time.
     * The value space of duration is a six-dimensional space where the coordinates designate the
     * Gregorian year, month, day, hour, minute, and second components defined in Section 5.5.3.2 of [ISO 8601], respectively.
     * These components are ordered in their significance by their order of appearance i.e. as
     * year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. 
     * </blockquote>
     * <p>All six values are set by computing their values from the specified milliseconds
     * and are availabe using the <code>get</code> methods of  the created {@link Duration}.
     * The values conform to and are defined by:</p>
     * <ul>
     *   <li>ISO 8601:2000(E) Section 5.5.3.2 Alternative format</li>
     *   <li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#isoformats">
     *     W3C XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Appendix D, ISO 8601 Date and Time Formats</a>
     *   </li>
     *   <li>{@link XMLGregorianCalendar}  Date/Time Datatype Field Mapping Between XML Schema 1.0 and Java Representation</li>
     * </ul>
     * 
     * <p>The default start instance is defined by {@link GregorianCalendar}'s use of the start of the epoch: i.e.,
     * {@link java.util.Calendar#YEAR} = 1970,
     * {@link java.util.Calendar#MONTH} = {@link java.util.Calendar#JANUARY},
     * {@link java.util.Calendar#DATE} = 1, etc.
     * This is important as there are variations in the Gregorian Calendar,
     * e.g. leap years have different days in the month = {@link java.util.Calendar#FEBRUARY}
     * so the result of {@link Duration#getMonths()} and {@link Duration#getDays()} can be influenced.</p> 
     * 
     * @param durationInMilliseconds Duration in milliseconds to create.
     * 
     * @return New <code>Duration</code> representing <code>durationInMilliseconds</code>.
     */
    public Duration newDuration(final long durationInMilliseconds) {

        return new DurationImpl(durationInMilliseconds);
    }

    /**
     * <p>Obtain a new instance of a <code>Duration</code>
     * specifying the <code>Duration</code> as isPositive, years, months, days, hours, minutes, seconds.</p>
     * 
     * <p>The XML Schema specification states that values can be of an arbitrary size.
     * Implementations may chose not to or be incapable of supporting arbitrarily large and/or small values.
     * An {@link UnsupportedOperationException} will be thrown with a message indicating implementation limits
     * if implementation capacities are exceeded.</p>
     * 
     * @param isPositive Set to <code>false</code> to create a negative duration. When the length
     *   of the duration is zero, this parameter will be ignored.
     * @param years of this <code>Duration</code>
     * @param months of this <code>Duration</code>
     * @param days of this <code>Duration</code>
     * @param hours of this <code>Duration</code>
     * @param minutes of this <code>Duration</code>
     * @param seconds of this <code>Duration</code>
     * 
     * @return New <code>Duration</code> created from the specified values.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If values are not a valid representation of a <code>Duration</code>.
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException If implementation cannot support requested values.
     * @throws NullPointerException If any values are <code>null</code>.
     * 
     * @see #newDuration(boolean isPositive, BigInteger years, BigInteger months, BigInteger days,
     *   BigInteger hours, BigInteger minutes, BigDecimal seconds)
     */
    public Duration newDuration(
            final boolean isPositive,
            final BigInteger years,
            final BigInteger months,
            final BigInteger days,
            final BigInteger hours,
            final BigInteger minutes,
            final BigDecimal seconds) {

        return new DurationImpl(
                isPositive,
                years,
                months,
                days,
                hours,
                minutes,
                seconds
        );
    }

    /**
     * <p>Create a new instance of an <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <p>All date/time datatype fields set to {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} or null.</p>
     * 
     * @return New <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> with all date/time datatype fields set to
     *   {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} or null.
     */
    public XMLGregorianCalendar newXMLGregorianCalendar() {

        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl();
    }

    /**
     * <p>Create a new XMLGregorianCalendar by parsing the String as a lexical representation.</p>
     * 
     * <p>Parsing the lexical string representation is defined in 
     * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime-order">XML Schema 1.0 Part 2, Section 3.2.[7-14].1,
     * <em>Lexical Representation</em>.</a></p>
     * 
     * <p>The string representation may not have any leading and trailing whitespaces.</p>
     * 
     * <p>The parsing is done field by field so that
     * the following holds for any lexically correct String x:</p>
     * <pre>
     * newXMLGregorianCalendar(x).toXMLFormat().equals(x)
     * </pre>
     * <p>Except for the noted lexical/canonical representation mismatches
     * listed in <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/05/xmlschema-errata#e2-45">
     * XML Schema 1.0 errata, Section 3.2.7.2</a>.</p>
     * 
     * @param lexicalRepresentation Lexical representation of one the eight XML Schema date/time datatypes.
     * 
     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from the <code>lexicalRepresentation</code>.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the <code>lexicalRepresentation</code> is not a valid <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>.
     * @throws NullPointerException If <code>lexicalRepresentation</code> is <code>null</code>.
     */
    public XMLGregorianCalendar newXMLGregorianCalendar(final String lexicalRepresentation) {

        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(lexicalRepresentation);
    }

    /**
     * <p>Create an <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> from a {@link GregorianCalendar}.</p> 
     *
     * <table border="2" rules="all" cellpadding="2">
     *   <thead>
     *     <tr>
     *       <th align="center" colspan="2">
     *          Field by Field Conversion from
     *          {@link GregorianCalendar} to an {@link XMLGregorianCalendar} 
     *       </th>
     *     </tr>
     *     <tr>
     *        <th><code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> field</th>
     *        <th><code>javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar</code> field</th>
     *     </tr>
     *   </thead>
     *   <tbody>
     *     <tr>
     *       <td><code>ERA == GregorianCalendar.BC ? -YEAR : YEAR</code></td>
     *       <td>{@link XMLGregorianCalendar#setYear(int year)}</td>
     *     </tr>
     *     <tr>
     *       <td><code>MONTH + 1</code></td>
     *       <td>{@link XMLGregorianCalendar#setMonth(int month)}</td>
     *     </tr>
     *     <tr>
     *       <td><code>DAY_OF_MONTH</code></td>
     *       <td>{@link XMLGregorianCalendar#setDay(int day)}</td>
     *     </tr>
     *     <tr>
     *       <td><code>HOUR_OF_DAY, MINUTE, SECOND, MILLISECOND</code></td>
     *       <td>{@link XMLGregorianCalendar#setTime(int hour, int minute, int second, BigDecimal fractional)}</td>
     *     </tr>
     *     <tr>
     *       <td>
     *         <code>(ZONE_OFFSET + DST_OFFSET) / (60*1000)</code><br/>
     *         <em>(in minutes)</em>
     *       </td>
     *       <td>{@link XMLGregorianCalendar#setTimezone(int offset)}<sup><em>*</em></sup>
     *       </td>
     *     </tr>
     *   </tbody>
     * </table>
     * <p><em>*</em>conversion loss of information. It is not possible to represent 
     * a <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> daylight savings timezone id in the 
     * XML Schema 1.0 date/time datatype representation.</p>
     * 
     * <p>To compute the return value's <code>TimeZone</code> field,
     * <ul>
     * <li>when <code>this.getTimezone() != FIELD_UNDEFINED</code>,
     * create a <code>java.util.TimeZone</code> with a custom timezone id 
     * using the <code>this.getTimezone()</code>.</li>
     * <li>else use the <code>GregorianCalendar</code> default timezone value 
     * for the host is defined as specified by 
     * <code>java.util.TimeZone.getDefault()</code>.</li></p>     
     *
     * @param cal <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> used to create <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code>
     * 
     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code>
     *  
     * @throws NullPointerException If <code>cal</code> is <code>null</code>.
     */
    public XMLGregorianCalendar newXMLGregorianCalendar(final GregorianCalendar cal) {

        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(cal);
    }

    /**
     * <p>Constructor of value spaces that a
     * <code>java.util.GregorianCalendar</code> instance would need to convert to an
     * <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> instance.</p>
     *    
     * <p><code>XMLGregorianCalendar eon</code> and 
     * <code>fractionalSecond</code> are set to <code>null</code></p>
     *
     * <p>A {@link DatatypeConstants#FIELD_UNDEFINED} value indicates that field isnot set.</p>
     * 
     * @param year of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param month of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param day of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param hour of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param minute of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param second of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param millisecond of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param timezone of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * 
     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from specified values.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If any individual parameter's value is outside the maximum value constraint for the field
     *   as determined by the Date/Time Data Mapping table in {@link XMLGregorianCalendar}
     *   or if the composite values constitute an invalid <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> instance
     *   as determined by {@link XMLGregorianCalendar#isValid()}.
     */
    public XMLGregorianCalendar newXMLGregorianCalendar(
            final int year,
            final int month,
            final int day,
            final int hour,
            final int minute,
            final int second,
            final int millisecond,
            final int timezone) {
        return XMLGregorianCalendarImpl.createDateTime(
                year, 
                month, 
                day, 
                hour, 
                minute, 
                second, 
                millisecond, 
                timezone);
    }

    /**
     * <p>Constructor allowing for complete value spaces allowed by 
     * W3C XML Schema 1.0 recommendation for xsd:dateTime and related 
     * builtin datatypes. Note that <code>year</code> parameter supports
     * arbitrarily large numbers and fractionalSecond has infinite 
     * precision.</p>
     * 
     * @param year of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param month of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param day of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param hour of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param minute of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param second of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param fractionalSecond of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * @param timezone of <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> to be created.
     * 
     * @return <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> created from specified values.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If any individual parameter's value is outside the maximum value constraint for the field
     *   as determined by the Date/Time Data Mapping table in {@link XMLGregorianCalendar}
     *   or if the composite values constitute an invalid <code>XMLGregorianCalendar</code> instance
     *   as determined by {@link XMLGregorianCalendar#isValid()}.
     * @throws NullPointerException If any parameters are <code>null</code>.
     * 
     */
    public XMLGregorianCalendar newXMLGregorianCalendar(
            final BigInteger year,
            final int month,
            final int day,
            final int hour,
            final int minute,
            final int second,
            final BigDecimal fractionalSecond,
            final int timezone) {

        return new XMLGregorianCalendarImpl(
                year,
                month,
                day,
                hour,
                minute,
                second,
                fractionalSecond,
                timezone
        );
    }
}
