--- layout: page category-page: scripts category-title: Scripting tags: redirect output input author: Dario Rasic title: Redirection ---

Output as input

To redirect a certain output of the command-line we have to use the symbol ">".
In this case, we will use a file named hello.txt, in which we want to insert a certain output ("Sun" in this case):

echo "Sun" > hello.txt

So if we print the content of the file in our command-line, the output will be the following:

cat hello.txt
    Sun

If we want to append a certain output to an existing file, we just have to use ">>" symbols:

cat hello.txt
    Sun
echo "Moon" >> hello.txt
cat hello.txt
    Sun
    Moon

Input as output

To redirect an input from a file for a command, the symbol "<" is used.

echo < $(cat hello.txt)
    Sun
    Moon

This is particularly useful when chaining commands.

Chaining (or Piping)

Chaining, also called Piping because it works with the pipe symbol "|", takes the output of a certain command-line and feeds it to another command in a direct way.

cat hello.txt | grep Mo
Moon

Simple Example

Now let's say that we want to combine those commands in a more complex operation. Let's say we want to take some contents from a certain file and put it into another file.
We want to sort the animals whose name begins with letter "d" from the file animals.txt and put it into d_animals.txt.

grep d < animals.txt > d_animals.txt


cat d_animals.txt
Deer
Dog
Dolphin
...