59 lines
2.1 KiB
HTML
59 lines
2.1 KiB
HTML
---
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layout: page
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category-page: intermediate
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category-title: Intermediate commands
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tags: super user admin execute root
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author: Joao Tomazoni
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title: sudo
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previous-page: pages/cmd/interm/strings.html
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next-page: pages/cmd/interm/sync.html
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---
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<code>sudo</code> stands for <i>Substitute User DO</i> or <i>SuperUser DO</i>.<br>
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It's a powerful command that you must handle with great care.
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If you are a member of the proper group and have permission to do sudo
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commands than you can execute commands as if you were the root user.
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Say you're an administrator in the users folder, and you would like to see a subfolder
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inside the home folder from another user named Nate, you may attempt to use the command:
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<code>ls -lr Nate</code>, but you will come by a whole bunch of permissions denied messages,
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this happens because even-though you're an administrator, you don't
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have the rights or permissions to get inside of Nate's home folder and look
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inside those subfolders.
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That's where the sudo command comes in:
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<pre>
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ls -lr Nate
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</pre>
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Returns denied access messages. To fix this, proceed to add sudo before the
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previously inserted command:
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<pre>
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sudo ls -lr Nate
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Password: (type the local administrator password)
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</pre>
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Now, Instead of the denied messages now you actually get a listing of all those subfolders
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in Nate's home folder. So you can execute commands temporarily as if you were the root user,
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which can do absolutely anything on the system. It's is very powerful to troubleshooting
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or fixing problems.<br><br>
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<h3>Flags</h3>
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<b>-s</b>: If you're going to execute a lot of commands with sudo, you can go inside
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the root shell using the flag <code>-s</code>,
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so that you won't need to keep typing sudo over and over again.
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By typing whoami command after typing <code>sudo -s</code> should return you "root".
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This is what it look likes:</p>
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<pre>
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sudo -s
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Password: (type the local administrator password)
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whoami
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root
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</pre>
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Remember, with great power comes great responsibility, be careful with sudo commands.<br>
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<img src="https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/sandwich.png" alt="xkcd 146">
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