interm: add missing pages from @tomazj
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://atelier.inf.usi.ch/home/bevilj/group-1@292 a672b425-5310-4d7a-af5c-997e18724b81
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ author: Joy Albertini
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tags: directory user shell
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title: chsh
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previous-page: pages/cmd/interm/chroot.html
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next-page: pages/cmd/interm/curl.html
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next-page: pages/cmd/interm/cowsay.html
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---
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The <code>chsh</code> command can be used to change the following user's login shell properties:
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@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
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---
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layout: page
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category-page: intermediate
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category-title: Intermediate commands
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tags: cow print say dragon lolcat
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author: Joao Tomazoni
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title: cowsay
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previous-page: pages/cmd/interm/chsh.html
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next-page: pages/cmd/interm/curl.html
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---
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<code>cowsay</code> is a entertainment command, however it's not guaranteed that your terminal is
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going to have this command available as default. It most likely won't, however you can download
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it yourself using a package manager like <a href="https://brew.sh">brew.sh</a>.<br>
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<pre>
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cowsay "Hello there"
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</pre>
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Very useful wouldn't you agree?
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You can also pipe commands like ls with cowsay, for example:
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<pre>
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ls | cowsay
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</pre>
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It returns the cow saying the list of files in the current directory.<br><br>
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<h3>Flags</h3>
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<b>-f</b> if you aren't satisfied with the cow, you have other possibilities of
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animals instead of cow. One example is the dragon which you can get by using "-f dragon",
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it will now draw a fantasy-like dragon.
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<pre>
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cowsay -f dragon "Burn World"
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</pre>
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There are more animal drawings for the cowsay command, just type cowsay -l in your terminal for
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the list of the animals you can use.<br><br>
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<h3>Suggestion: combine with <code>lolcat</code></h3>
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<code>lolcat</code> is another entertainment command that is also installed with the brew pack you
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installed previously for the <code>cowsay</code> command, and they work perfectly together.
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Adding lolcat at the end of the cowsay command and its quote will add random colours for the
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drawing.
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ category-title: Intermediate commands
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tags: curl download http client crawler request online
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author: Claudio Maggioni
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title: curl
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previous-page: pages/cmd/interm/chsh.html
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previous-page: pages/cmd/interm/cowsay.html
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next-page: pages/cmd/interm/fg.html
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---
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The <code>curl</code> command is a fast and versatile shell program that can
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@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
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---
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layout: page
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category-page: intermediate
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category-title: Intermediate commands
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tags: super user admin execute root
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author: Joao Tomazoni
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title: sudo
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previous-page: pages/cmd/interm/strings.html
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next-page: pages/cmd/interm/sync.html
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---
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<code>sudo</code> stands for <i>Substitute User DO</i> or <i>SuperUser DO</i>.<br>
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It's a powerful command that you must handle with great care.
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If you are a member of the proper group and have permission to do sudo
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commands than you can execute commands as if you were the root user.
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Say you're an administrator in the users folder, and you would like to see a subfolder
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inside the home folder from another user named Nate, you may attempt to use the command:
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<code>ls -lr Nate</code>, but you will come by a whole bunch of permissions denied messages,
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this happens because even-though you're an administrator, you don't
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have the rights or permissions to get inside of Nate's home folder and look
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inside those subfolders.
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That's where the sudo command comes in:
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<pre>
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ls -lr Nate
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</pre>
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Returns denied access messages. To fix this, proceed to add sudo before the
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previously inserted command:
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<pre>
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sudo ls -lr Nate
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Password: (type the local administrator password)
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</pre>
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Now, Instead of the denied messages now you actually get a listing of all those subfolders
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in Nate's home folder. So you can execute commands temporarily as if you were the root user,
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which can do absolutely anything on the system. It's is very powerful to troubleshooting
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or fixing problems.<br><br>
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<h3>Flags</h3>
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<b>-s</b>: If you're going to execute a lot of commands with sudo, you can go inside
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the root shell using the flag <code>-s</code>,
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so that you won't need to keep typing sudo over and over again.
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By typing whoami command after typing <code>sudo -s</code> should return you "root".
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This is what it look likes:</p>
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<pre>
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sudo -s
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Password: (type the local administrator password)
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whoami
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root
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</pre>
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Remember, with great power comes great responsibility, be careful with sudo commands.<br>
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<img src="https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/sandwich.png" alt="xkcd 146">
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ category-title: Intermediate commands
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tags: sync disk write completion
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author: Gianmarco De Vita
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title: sync
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previous-page: pages/cmd/interm/strings.html
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previous-page: pages/cmd/interm/sudo.html
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next-page: pages/cmd/interm/tar.html
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---
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<p>
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@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ tags: directory list create new file
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author: Mattia Hijman
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title: touch
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previous-page: pages/fs/rm.html
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next-page: pages/fs/zip.html
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---
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The <code>touch</code> command updates the modification and access time of the a file.
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@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
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---
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layout: page
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category-page: fs
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category-title: FileSystem
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tags: compress file directory extract
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author: Joao Tomazoni
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title: zip
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previous-page: pages/fs/rm.html
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---
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<code>zip</code> is the command to package and compress files together as .zip extension.
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Simply type zip + name of the zip file + name of the files to be compressed as .zip.
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<pre>
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zip -r [target.zip] [source1] [source2]
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</pre>
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Say you want to compress a file named test.txt and an image named image.png together
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in one zip file named test.zip. This is what it should look like:
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<pre>
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zip -r test.zip text.txt image.png
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</pre>
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In this case it should return a test.zip file in your desktop with a directory inside
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containing the two files together.<br><br>
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<h3>Flags</h3>
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<ul>
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<li><b>-e</b>: create zip files that require a password in order to be uncompressed.
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<pre>
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zip -e test.zip text.txt image.png
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Enter password: (password required to unzip the file)
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</pre>
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</li>
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<li><b>-u</b>: update zip files and add new files inside the current zip file.
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<pre>
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zip -u test.zip newtext.txt
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</pre>
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The newtext.txt file will be added to the current test.zip file.
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</li>
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<li><b>-d</b>: remove files inside the current zip file.
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<pre>
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zip -d test.zip newtext.txt
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</pre>
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The newtext.txt file will be removed from the current test.zip file.
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</li>
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</ul>
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